info:eu-repo/semantics/baccalaureateDissertation Uticaj toplotnog stresa, starosti, rase, produktivnog statusa i načina uzgoja na telesne mere, telesnu temperaturu i metaboličku adaptaciju ovaca Čukić, Aleksandar, 1994- Ekonomska održivost sistema proizvodnje ovaca širom sveta ugrožena je zbograzornih efekata klimatskih promena. Među višestrukim klimatskim stresovima sakojima se suočavaju ovce, izgleda da toplotni stres (TS) u velikoj meri destabilizujeefikasnost proizvodnje ovaca. TS ugrožava rast, proizvodnju vune, mesa i mleka kodovaca. Istraživanje je sprovedeno sa ciljem utvrđivanja uticaja TS na telesne mere,telesnu temperaturu merenu rektalno (RT) ili infracrvenom termografijom (IRT) nosa,oka, nogu i abdomena kao i na metaboličku adaptaciju kod ovaca različite starosti, rase,produktivnog statusa i načina uzgoja, kao i da se otkrije korelacija između telesnetemperature i metaboličkog odgovora kod ovaca. Ispitivane su ukupno 33 ovce rase Il deFrans i meleza Virtemberg h Sjenička pramenka, od čega 17 iz otvorenog i 16 izzatvorenog sistema uzgoja tokom tri eksperimentalna perioda (termoneutralni period,teški TS i umereni TS). Toplotni stres je uticao na većinu ispitivanih parametara.Starost i rasa su uticali na telesne mere ovaca, dok na ostale parametre ovi faktorinisu imali uticaj, osim rase na vrednosti holesterola (koje su veće kod Il de Frans), ikortizola (koje su veće kod meleza). Gravidnost je uticala na vrednosti širine karlice itemperaturu očiju i prednjih nogu, dok je laktacija uticala na temperaturu abdomena iprednjih nogu, T4, neesterifikovane masne kiseline (NEFA), ukupne proteine i GGT. Naostale parametre gravidnost i laktacija nisu imali uticaj. Način uzgoja je uticao navećinu mera telesne razvijenosti ovaca kao i na telesnu temperaturu i određenemetaboličke parametre. Ovce pod TS su imale veću telesnu temperaturu, a temperaturamerena IRT bila je veća od RT. Temperature prednje noge (NT) i abdomena (AT) supokazale pozitivnu linearnu korelaciju sa indeksom temperature i vlažnosti (THI), dokdrugi načini merenja temperature nisu dali statistički značajne korelacije. Ovce podTS su imale više kortizola, insulina, ukupnih proteina, albumina, uree, kreatinina,bilirubina, aspartat aminotransferaze, alanin aminotransferaze, gama-glutamiltransferaze, alkalne fosfataze, laktat dehidrogenaze, kreatin kinaze i indeksainsulinske rezistencije, a niže vrednosti trijodtironina (T3), tiroksina (T4), NEFA,beta-hidroksibutirata (BHB), glukoze, kalcijuma, neorganskog fosfora, magnezijuma isvih holesterola. Telesna temperatura i metabolički odgovor bili su različiti ufunkciji načina uzgoja ovaca. NT i AT su pokazale značajnu korelaciju sa skoro svimkrvnim parametrima, a najjače veze ostvarene su sa T3, T4, BHB i revidiranimkvantitativnim indeksom insulinske osetljivosti za proveru insulinske rezistencije.Abdomen i noge su dobri termalni prozori jer su NT i AT dobri sumativni odgovori naspoljašnji ambijentalni THI i unutrašnje metaboličke promene kod ovaca pod toplotnimstresom. Economic viability of sheep production systems around the world is threatened by thedevastating effects of climate change. Among the multiple climatic stresses faced by sheep, heatstress (HS) appears to greatly destabilize sheep production efficiency. HS threatens the growth,production of wool, meat and milk in sheep. This research was conducted with the aim ofdetermining the effect of HS on body measurements, body temperature measured rectally (RT) orinfrared thermography (IRT) of the nose, eye, legs and abdomen, as well as on metabolicadaptation in sheep of different ages, breeds, productive status and breeding methods and toreveal the correlation between body temperature and metabolic response in sheep. A total of 33sheep of the Ile de France breed and crossbred Württemberg x Sjenicka pramenka wereexamined, of which 17 ewes were from outdoors and 16 were from indoorhousing systemsduring three experimental periods (thermoneutral period, severe HS and moderate HS).Heatstress affects most of the examined parameters. Age and breed affect the body measurements ofsheep, while these factors had no effect on the other parameters, except for the breed oncholesterol values, which were higher in Ile de France, and cortisol, which were higher incrossbreeds. Pregnancy affects the values of pelvic width and the temperature of the eyes andfront leg, while lactation on the temperature of the abdomen and front leg, T4, non-esterifiedfatty acid (NEFA), total proteins and GGT, pregnancy and lactation had no effect on the otherparameters. Breeding method affects most body measurements of sheep, as well as bodytemperature and certain metabolic parameters. Sheep under HS have a higher body temperature,and the temperature measured by IRT was higher than RT. Front leg (LT) and abdomen (AT)showed a positive linear correlation with the temperature and humidity index (THI), while othermethods of temperature measurement did not show statistically significant correlations.Sheepunder HS showed higher cortisol, insulin, total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, bilirubin,aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkalinephosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase and insulin resistance index, with lowervalues of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), NEFA, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), glucose,calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium and all cholesterol. Body temperature and metabolicresponse were different in the function of breeding method of sheep. LT and AT showed asignificant correlation with almost all blood parameters, and the strongest connections weremade with T3, T4, BHB and the revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index of insulinresistance. The abdomen and legs are good thermal windows because LT and AT are goodsummative responses to external ambient THI and internal metabolic changes in sheep underheat stress. - Petrović, Milun, 1966- Đoković, Radojica, 1963- Cincović, Marko, 1984- Milošević, Božidar, 1974- Rakonjac, Simeon, 1982- Dosković, Vladimir, 1974- 142 lista 5674016 bytes https://phaidrakg.kg.ac.rs/o:1904 cobiss:190944265 thesis:8924 2025 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/at/legalcode srp